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[bash Command List|http://ss64.com/bash/]

|df -ah|disk free (bash shell)
|df -h|disk free human readable
|du -h|disk usage eahc folder
|bdf|Berkeley disk free (korn shell)
|cat /proc/version|Show Linux Version
|lsb_release -a|Show distribution details for Ubuntu
|getconf LONG_BIT|Show 32 or 64bit on Linux debian
|ulimit -a|Show system limits

Version of Debian Linux
{{{
cat /etc/debian_version
}}}
Version of Ubuntu Linux
{{{
cat /etc/issue
lsb_release -a
cat /etc/lsb-release
}}}

!Prozessor (debian)
{{{
uname -a => Linux v22017031954246919 4.4.0-66-generic #87-Ubuntu SMP Fri Mar 3 15:29:05 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/meminfo
dmesg
lspci
uname -m
file /sbin/init
du --max-depth=1 /home/ | sort -n -r
}}}

Which version is installed?:
{{{
cat /etc/issue => Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS \n \l
}}}