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!! Scope
Raspberry is exposed to the internet for my backup solution. I want to enable ipv6 access only and enable access only from my home computer. \\
Steps:
# register your home computer (Windows) at a dyndns service to provide the current ipv6, see [dynv6.com|https://dynv6.com]
# Windows: create windows batch script to update dynv6
# Windows schedule script to run each time the PC is booted, see "Aufgabenplanung" (task scheduler)
# Raspberry: create and set iptables ruleset
# Raspberry: use python script to query the current ipv6 from dynv6 (Windows) and replace in iptables ruleset
# Raspberry: schedule the ipv6 update in firewall (ip6tables)

!2. Windows batch script to update dynv6 service
{{{
REM update_dynv6.bat

REM set utf-8
chcp 65001      

echo off
set domain=<your.domain.here>
set token=<youtTokenHere>

echo ---- check and update local ipv6 address at dynv6.com for %domain% ----

rem ping -n 1 -6 %domain%
for /F "tokens=3" %%i in ('"ping -n 1 -6 %domain% | findstr Antwort"')  do set dynv6_ipv6=%%i
rem cut last colon, example 2a02:5a0:4110:f590:29f6:40ba:51b4:b4da:
set dynv6_ipv6=%dynv6_ipv6:~0,-1%
echo dynv6 ipv6= %dynv6_ipv6%

rem ipconfig
rem echo ---------- extracting Temporäre IPv6-Adresse ----------
for /F "tokens=9" %%i in ('"ipconfig | findstr Temp | findstr 2a02"')  do set local_ipv6=%%i
echo local ipv6= %local_ipv6%

if %local_ipv6% == %dynv6_ipv6% (
    echo ipv6 at dynv6 is up to date, update skipped
) else (
    set url="https://dynv6.com/api/update?hostname=%domain%^&token=%token%&ipv6=%ipv6%"
    ECHO updating IPv6
    curl "%url%"   
)

echo:
echo done
pause
}}}

!! iptables
!Commands
{{{
> ls -la /usr/sbin/ip*  # list all commands, there are many
> iptables*             # for ipv4 (in debian busters = nft)
> ip6tables*            # for ipv6 (in debian busters = nft)
> iptables-legacy       # former ones, not nft
> iptables-nft          # directly use nft
}}}
Notes:
* all iptables commands (for ipv4) have an ip__6__tabbles* equivalent (for ipv6)
* see [info|https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2020/08/18/iptables-the-two-variants-and-their-relationship-with-nftables#using_iptables_nft] on nft
{{{
> who -u                      # get all sessions with ip and pid
> sudo netstat -pantW         # list network connections, p=programs,a=all,n=IPs,t=tcp,W=wide(not truncate IP address) 
> ip a                        # list all ips
> sudo ip6tables -L -v        # list all ipv6 rules
> sudo ip6tables -n -v --line-numbers -L     # list all ipv6 rules with numeric IPs and rule number
}}}

! Syntax
see [docu|https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/4/html/reference_guide/s1-iptables-options#s2-iptables-options-structure]
{{{
> sudo ip6tables -nvL --line-numbers -L 
}}}

! 4. my general ruleset

We also need to enable the local interface and the DNS nameservers.\\
I use a custom DNS server setting, because the fritzbox does not resolve my dynv6 domains (?).
{{{
> sudo nmcli -o device show	    # show interfaces settings
> sudo nmcli -p connection show	    # show interface status

#THIS IS NECESSARY
> sudo nmcli con mod "Wired connection 1" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8"                # add cloudflare and google dns
> sudo nmcli con mod "Wired connection 1" ipv4.ignore-auto-dns no                   # this adds "search fritz.box" to get ips at all from frit.box
> sudo nmcli con mod "Wired connection 1" ipv6.ignore-auto-dns yes                  # we skip ipv6 dns
> sudo nmcli c down "Wired connection 1" && sudo nmcli c up "Wired connection 1"    # restart
> sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf    # validate settings
}}}


!! Python
* package "python3-iptables" manages legacy ones only, [docu1|https://python-iptables.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples.html], [docu2|https://ldx.github.io/python-iptables/]
* package "python3-nftables" manages nft tables, [docu|https://ral-arturo.org/2020/11/22/python-nftables-tutorial.html]
* alternatively you can use subprocess.run to call the original system commands

! 5. subprocess
{{{
#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket   # determine ipv6
import subprocess

tupel = socket.getaddrinfo('your.pc.com', None, socket.AF_INET6)
# tupel like [(<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 23>, 0, 0, '', ('2a02:5a0:4110:f590:4670:d3e6:f2bc:ee', 8384, 0, 0))]
print("tupel=", tupel)

ipv6=tupel[0][4][0]
print("ipv6=", ipv6)

subprocess.run(["/usr/sbin/ip6tables", "-R", "INPUT", "1", "-s", ipv6, "-j", "ACCEPT"])
subprocess.run(["/usr/sbin/ip6tables", "-R", "OUTPUT", "1", "-d", ipv6, "-j", "ACCEPT"])
}}}

! 6. Schedule script with crontab

Run every 15 minutes
{{{
> sudo crontab -u root -e
# add following
*/15 * * * * /home/markus/update_ip6tables.py
}}}