Inetone: ABAP

Links#

SAP ABAP Technology

New ABAP Keyword Documentation for SAP

ABAP-Programmierung

Program Samples

Load Excel into table

Run Time Type Services (RTTS)#

Types according to CL_ABAP_ELEMDESCR

KIND_CLASS	C
KIND_ELEM	E
KIND_INTF	I
KIND_REF	R
KIND_STRUCT	S
KIND_TABLE	T
TRUE	X
TYPEKIND_ANY	~
TYPEKIND_CHAR	C	CHAR
TYPEKIND_CLASS	*
TYPEKIND_CLIKE	&
TYPEKIND_CSEQUENCE	?
TYPEKIND_DATA	#
TYPEKIND_DATE	D	DATS
TYPEKIND_DECFLOAT	/
TYPEKIND_DECFLOAT16	a
TYPEKIND_DECFLOAT34	e
TYPEKIND_DREF	l
TYPEKIND_FLOAT	F
TYPEKIND_HEX	X
TYPEKIND_INT	I
TYPEKIND_INT1	b
TYPEKIND_INT2	s
TYPEKIND_INTF	+
TYPEKIND_IREF	m
TYPEKIND_NUM	N
TYPEKIND_NUMERIC	%
TYPEKIND_OREF	r
TYPEKIND_PACKED	P	CURR,DEC
TYPEKIND_SIMPLE	$
TYPEKIND_STRING	g
TYPEKIND_STRUCT1	u
TYPEKIND_STRUCT2	v
TYPEKIND_TABLE	h
TYPEKIND_TIME	T
TYPEKIND_W	w
TYPEKIND_XSEQUENCE	!
TYPEKIND_XSTRING	y
TYPEKIND_BREF	j
TYPEPROPKIND_DBMAXLEN	D
TYPEPROPKIND_HASCLIENT	C
UNDEFINED	-

Character conversion (codepage)#

See here

and here

or Abap-xstring

fb.SCP_REPLACE_STRANGE_CHARS	Change German special chars (Umlaute)
CL_XMS_PART_UTIL
CL_ABAP_CONV_IN_CE	Code Page and Endian Conversion (External -> System Format)
CL_ABAP_CONV_OUT_CE	Converts ABAP data objects to an external binary format
CL_ABAP_CONV_X2X_CE	Converts of ABAP data objects between two external binary formats
CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES	Various attributes and methods for character sets and byte order
CL_NLS_STRUC_CONTAINER	Corrects alignment of structures in containers of type C (or STRING). You need to make this correction if East-Asian characters ("full-width" characters in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) are to be copied from a non-Unicode to a Unicode system or vice versa. You do not need to make the correction if you use the method CONVERT_STRUC from this class.

DATA: l_xstring_input   TYPE xstring,
        l_string_output   TYPE string,
        l_encoding        TYPE abap_encoding,  "see table TCP00
        l_r_converter     TYPE REF TO cl_abap_conv_in_ce.
 
      " Convert file data to string
      TRY.
          CALL METHOD cl_abap_conv_in_ce=>create
            EXPORTING
              input       = l_xstring_input
              encoding    = l_encoding
              replacement = '#'
              ignore_cerr = abap_false
            RECEIVING
              conv        = l_r_converter.
 
          CALL METHOD l_r_converter->read
            IMPORTING
              data = l_string_output.
 
        CATCH cx_root.
           " Conversion error
          EXIT.
      ENDTRY.

General system information#

CL_HRCE_MASTERSWITCHES=>IS_CLIENT_PRODUCTIVE( ) = 'X'/' '

Shortcuts#

Ctrl + <	comment out all marked line
Ctrl + Shift + <	uncomment all mrkes lines

Search in Reports#

RPINCL10	Standard
RPR_ABAP_SOURCE_SCAN	Scan ABAP Report Sourcen
x.CODE_SCANNER	ABAP Search (=r.AFX_CODE_SCANNER)
RSRSCAN1
RKCTSEAR

Append#

There is a weird shortcut for APPEND.
When you record a session, the code is generated like

CLEAR bdctab.
bdctab-program = 'SAPMSSY0'.	
bdctab-dynpro = '120'.
bdctab-dynbegin = 'X'.
APPEND bdctab.

The first CLEAR and the field assignments refer to a structure bdctab.
This structure is the header line (deprecated) from itab bdctab. So bdctab is used in different contexts.
If an ABAP command needs a structure, the header line "bdctab" is automatically taken.
If an ABAP command need an itab, the table "bcdtab" is taken, you can use

 APPEND bdctab[]

to indicate that the table should be used.
APPEND bdctab is a shortcut and should at least be

 APPEND bcdtab to bdctab[]

But this is outdated also, though still generated from SAP ECC 6.0.
See more explanations here

Execute OS commands on the server#

function module SXPG_COMMAND_EXECUTE in connection with SM49/SM69
WS_EXECUTE
CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES=>EXECUTE
TH_POPUP
call 'SYSTEM' id 'COMMAND'

Remote Execution#

   SUBMIT {rep|(name)} ...

Text Manipulation#

class CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES
concatenate
strlen	describe field

Note:

replace all occurrences of ' ' in p_filen with '_' in character mode.

will raise an exception REPLACE_INFINITE_LOOP, use the following:

replace all occurrences of regex '\s{1}' in p_filen with '_'.

(or use TRANSLATE)

Using XSTRING#

see xstring

File Handling#

CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES=>FILE_*
OPEN/GET DATASET
FB EPS_GET*
FB SCMS*

Date Handling#

Vormonat:

DATA: ultimo TYPE d.
ultimo      = sy-datum. 
ultimo+6(2) = '01'.          " = erster Tag dieses Monats
ultimo      = ultimo - 1.    " = letzter Tag dieses Monats

Achtung: Funktioniert nicht beim Jahreswechsel, hier muss extra geprüft werden.

Import Excel to SAP#

f.TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP	Fastest
f.ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE	Standard
f.KCD_EXCEL_OLE_TO_INT_CONVERT	limited to 9999 rows
f.FILE_READ_AND_CONVERT_SAP_DATA	6x slower
Per OLE	CREATE OBJECT H_EXCEL 'Excel.Application' + CALL METHOD OF H_EXCEL 'Workbooks' = H_WRKBK ...

Dynamic / Generic SQL#

Native SQL, see reports

ADBC_DEMO
RSDU_EXEC_SQL

Open SQL

REPORT  z_bi_blogdyn1.
PARAMETERS: p_tab TYPE tabname DEFAULT 'T001'.
START-OF-SELECTION.
  DATA:          dref    TYPE REF TO data,
                 tref    TYPE REF TO data,
                 gt_fcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat.

  FIELD-SYMBOLS: <wa>    TYPE ANY,
                 <itab>  TYPE STANDARD TABLE.

  CREATE DATA dref TYPE (p_tab).
  ASSIGN dref->* TO <wa>.

  CALL FUNCTION 'LVC_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE'
       EXPORTING
            i_structure_name       = p_tab
       CHANGING
            ct_fieldcat            = gt_fcat[]
       EXCEPTIONS
            inconsistent_interface = 1
            program_error          = 2
            OTHERS                 = 3.

  CALL METHOD cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table
     EXPORTING
       it_fieldcatalog           = gt_fcat
     IMPORTING
       ep_table                  = tref
     EXCEPTIONS
       generate_subpool_dir_full = 1
       OTHERS                    = 2.

  ASSIGN tref->* TO <itab>.

  SELECT * FROM (p_tab) INTO TABLE <itab>.

  LOOP AT <itab> INTO <wa>.
    WRITE: / <wa>.
  ENDLOOP.

Gray out selection parameters#

 AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT.
      LOOP AT SCREEN.
        IF SCREEN-NAME = 'STEP080'. " name is upper case always
             SCREEN-input = 0.      " grau out
             MODIFY SCREEN.
         ENDIF.
      ENDLOOP.

Cluster tables#

HR Clusters

| Cluster Discussion

x.PECLUSTER	HR-Cluster bearbeiten
v.V_T52RELID	Pflegeview für die Beschreibung der Cluster in PCLx
t.T52RELID	HR: Beschreibung der Cluster in den Tabellen PCLx
p.PCAL	Paket PCAL (all cluster stuff)
t.T52B5	Zuordnung von Werten zu Objekten (CLST,PDP,1)
t.HRDCT_D_TABLES	Index Table for Declustering Transparent Tables

ABAP Objects / Class#

t.SEOCLASS	Classes
t.SEOCOMPO	Components (Methods)
v.VSEOCLASS	view on class
t.SEOMETAREL	Meta-Beziehung (see RELTYPE: Interface, Vererbung, Erweiterung)
t.TMDIR	Classes and its methods
cl.CL_OO_CLASS	Class Reflection Helper class

Loop through table of objects with keyword TABLE_LINE:

DATA: gt_records type standard table of ref to zhrzxx_mig_tabledata,
      lo_record type ref to zhrzxx_mig_tabledata.
LOOP AT gt_records INTO lo_record
      WHERE table_line->mv_infty = '0001'.
      [...]
ENDLOOP.

Tabellen DD0*

ABAP Dictionary#

f.DDIF_FIELDINFO_GET
f.DDIF_FIELDLABEL_GET
fm.DDIF_DOMA_GET
fm.RSD_DTEL_GET
CL_ABAP_TYPEDESCR

Wildcards#

	SQL	Selektion Screen
0 to many	%	*
single char	_	+

Business Application Log (BAL)#

SLG0	Anwendungs-Log: Objektpflege (Objekt+Unterobjekt ist nötig, um auf DB zu sichern)
SLG1	Anwendungs-Log: Protokolle anzeigen
SLG2	Anwendungs-Log: Protokolle löschen
SLGN	Anwendungs-Log: Nummernkreispflege
SLGT	Anmelden zentraler Objektkatalog

Für die Protokollierung sollten die von SAP vorgesehenen Funktionsbausteine in der Funktionsgruppe SBAL verwendet werden. Die Beispielprogramme „SBAL_DEMO*“ bieten einen guten Einstieg und Überblick.

SAP Application Log – Leitfaden für Anwender

r.SBAL_DOCUMENTATION
CL_HRPAY00_MESSAGE_HANDLER

BAL_AMODAL	Anwendungs-Log: INDX-Tabelle für amodale K
BAL_INDX	Anwendungs-Log: INDX-Tabelle
BALC	Anwendungs-Log: Kontext des Prokolls bzw.
BALDAT	Anwendungs-Log: Daten eines Protokolls
BALHANDLE	Anwendungs-Log: Dummy-Tabelle für Sperrobj
BALHDR	Anwendungs-Log: Protokollkopf
BALHDRP	Anwendungs-Log: Protokollparameter
BALM	Anwendungs-Log: Protokollnachrichten
BALMP	Anwendungs-Log: Nachrichtenparameter
BALOBJ	Anwendungs-Log: Objekte
BALOBJT	Anwendungs-Log: Texte zu den Objekten
BALSUB	Anwendungs-Log: Unterobjekte
BALSUBT	Anwendungs-Log: Unterobjekttexte
CIFBALSEL	Anwendungs-Log: CIF-Erweiterung für Protok

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